Orchids are among the most diverse and fascinating groups of plants in the world. They have more than 25,000 species and over 100,000 hybrids, and they can be found in almost every habitat and climate. Orchids are also highly prized for their beauty, elegance, and fragrance, and they can make wonderful additions to any home, garden, or collection.
However, choosing an orchid can be a daunting task, especially for beginners who may not know much about the different types, characteristics, and requirements of orchids. How do you know which orchid is right for you? How do you find a healthy and quality orchid? How do you get the best value for your money?
In this article, we will explain how to choose orchids using different criteria, sources, and recommendations. We will also answer some of the most frequently asked questions about orchid selection. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of how to choose orchids and why it is important for orchid lovers.
How to Choose Orchids
There are many criteria that can help you choose an orchid that suits your preferences, needs, and conditions. Here are some of the most important ones:
Type of orchid
There are many types of orchids, each with its own unique features, such as flower shape, size, color, pattern, fragrance, and blooming season. Some of the most common and popular types of orchids are:
- Light requirement: Orchids need different amounts of light to grow and bloom well. Some orchids prefer low light, some prefer medium light, and some prefer high light. The amount of light that an orchid needs depends on its type, origin, and adaptation. Generally, you can tell how much light an orchid needs by looking at its leaves:
- Dark green leaves: These orchids need low light, such as indirect or filtered light. They can be placed near a north-facing window, or under a shade cloth or a curtain. Examples of low-light orchids are phalaenopsis, paphiopedilum, and miltonia.
- Light green leaves: These orchids need medium light, such as bright or dappled light. They can be placed near an east- or west-facing window, or under a sheer curtain or a lattice. Examples of medium-light orchids are cattleya, oncidium, and dendrobium.
- Yellowish or reddish leaves: These orchids need high light, such as direct or intense light. They can be placed near a south-facing window, or under a clear glass or a skylight. Examples of high-light orchids are vanda, cymbidium, and epidendrum.
- Temperature requirement: Orchids need different temperatures to grow and bloom well. Some orchids prefer cool temperatures, some prefer intermediate temperatures, and some prefer warm temperatures. The temperature that an orchid needs depends on its type, origin, and adaptation. Generally, you can tell how much temperature an orchid needs by looking at its flowers:
- White or light-colored flowers: These orchids need cool temperatures, such as 50 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit at night and 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit during the day. They can be placed in a cool room, or near an air conditioner or a fan. Examples of cool-temperature orchids are cymbidium, masdevallia, and odontoglossum.
- Pink or purple-colored flowers: These orchids need intermediate temperatures, such as 55 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit at night and 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit during the day. They can be placed in a normal room, or near a window or a heater. Examples of intermediate-temperature orchids are cattleya, dendrobium, and oncidium.
- Yellow or orange-colored flowers: These orchids need warm temperatures, such as 60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit at night and 75 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit during the day. They can be placed in a warm room, or near a radiator or a humidifier. Examples of warm-temperature orchids are phalaenopsis, vanda, and paphiopedilum. source: psu.edu
- Humidity requirement: Orchids need different levels of humidity to grow and bloom well. Some orchids prefer low humidity, some prefer medium humidity, and some prefer high humidity. The humidity that an orchid needs depends on its type, origin, and adaptation. Generally, you can tell how much humidity an orchid needs by looking at its roots:
- Thick and fleshy roots: These orchids need low humidity, such as 40 to 50 percent. They can be watered less frequently, and they can be placed in a dry or airy environment. Examples of low-humidity orchids are cattleya, cymbidium, and epidendrum.
- Thin and wiry roots: These orchids need medium humidity, such as 50 to 60 percent. They can be watered moderately, and they can be placed in a normal or ventilated environment. Examples of medium-humidity orchids are dendrobium, oncidium, and miltonia.
- Long and aerial roots: These orchids need high humidity, such as 60 to 70 percent. They can be watered frequently, and they can be placed in a moist or enclosed environment. Examples of high-humidity orchids are phalaenopsis, vanda, and paphiopedilum.
- Bloom frequency and duration: Orchids have different patterns of blooming, depending on their type, origin, and adaptation. Some orchids bloom once a year, some bloom twice a year, and some bloom continuously. Some orchids bloom for a few days, some bloom for a few weeks, and some bloom for a few months. The bloom frequency and duration of an orchid depends on its type, origin, and adaptation. Generally, you can tell how often and how long an orchid blooms by looking at its flowers:
- Small and numerous flowers: These orchids bloom once or twice a year, and they last for a few days or weeks. They can be stimulated to bloom by changing the light, temperature, or water conditions. Examples of once- or twice-blooming orchids are cattleya, cymbidium, and paphiopedilum.
- Large and showy flowers: These orchids bloom once a year, and they last for a few weeks or months. They can be stimulated to bloom by providing a rest period of reduced light, temperature, or water. Examples of once-blooming orchids are phalaenopsis, vanda, and cymbidium.
- Small and continuous flowers: These orchids bloom continuously, and they last for a few weeks or months. They can be stimulated to bloom by providing a consistent light, temperature, and water conditions. Examples of continuous-blooming orchids are oncidium, dendrobium, and epidendrum.
- Phalaenopsis orchids: These orchids have large and showy flowers that come in various colors and patterns. They are easy to grow and bloom, and they can last for several months. They are ideal for beginners and indoor growers.
- Cattleya orchids: These orchids have large and fragrant flowers that come in various colors and shapes. They are more challenging to grow and bloom, and they can last for a few weeks. They are ideal for intermediate and outdoor growers.
- Dendrobium orchids: These orchids have small and delicate flowers that grow in clusters along the stems. They are moderately easy to grow and bloom, and they can last for a few weeks. They are ideal for intermediate and indoor growers.
- Oncidium orchids: These orchids have small and colorful flowers that grow in sprays or spikes. They are moderately easy to grow and bloom, and they can last for a few weeks. They are ideal for intermediate and indoor growers.
- Paphiopedilum orchids: These orchids have exotic and unusual flowers that have a pouch-like lower petal. They are moderately easy to grow and bloom, and they can last for a few weeks. They are ideal for intermediate and indoor growers.
Where to Buy Orchids?
There are different sources where you can buy orchids, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Here are some of the most common sources:
- Nurseries: These are places where orchids are grown and sold by professional growers. They usually have a wide selection of orchids, and they can provide expert advice and care tips. They also guarantee the quality and health of the orchids, and they can offer after-sales service and support. However, they may be more expensive, less convenient, and less available than other sources.
- Florists: These are places where orchids are arranged and sold by professional florists. They usually have a limited selection of orchids, and they can provide artistic and aesthetic advice and design. They also guarantee the freshness and beauty of the orchids, and they can offer delivery and gift options. However, they may be more expensive, less informative, and less reliable than other sources.
- Supermarkets: These are places where orchids are displayed and sold by general retailers. They usually have a cheap and convenient selection of orchids, and they can provide basic and generic information and instructions. They also guarantee the availability and accessibility of the orchids, and they can offer
How do you know if an orchid is good?
To determine if an orchid is healthy and of good quality, check for the following:
Firm and Green Leaves:
Look for orchids with firm and vibrant green leaves, indicating active growth and photosynthesis.
Healthy Roots:
Check the roots for a light green or silvery color, which indicates active growth. Avoid plants with mushy or dark-colored roots.
No Signs of Disease or Pests:
Inspect the plant for any signs of diseases, such as spots or discoloration, and check for pests like mealybugs or scale.
Well-Structured Pseudobulbs or Stems:
Healthy orchids have well-structured pseudobulbs or stems that are not shriveled or overly wrinkled.
Budding or Blooming:
Choose orchids with buds or blooms. While not essential, this indicates a mature and potentially well-cared-for plant.
Compact Growth:
Opt for orchids with a compact and balanced growth habit, as opposed to plants that appear stretched or leggy.
No Yellowing Leaves:
Avoid orchids with yellowing or yellowed leaves, as this may indicate stress or improper care.
Properly Potted:
Check that the orchid is potted in well-draining media and that the pot is not overly large, promoting healthy root development.
Aromatic Fragrance (if applicable):
Some orchids have a pleasant fragrance. If applicable, check for a mild, sweet scent.
Reputable Source:
Purchase orchids from reputable nurseries or vendors known for quality plants and proper care practices.
By assessing these factors, you can increase the likelihood of bringing home a healthy and thriving orchid. Regular care, appropriate watering, and suitable growing conditions will further contribute to the plant’s overall well-being.
What type of orchid is best for beginners?
Phalaenopsis orchids, often referred to as “Moth Orchids,” are considered the best type for beginners. They are relatively easy to care for, adaptable to indoor conditions, and have a longer blooming period. Phalaenopsis orchids are known for their attractive flowers and are a great choice for those new to orchid cultivation.
How to Choose Orchid Pot Size?
Choosing the right orchid pot size is crucial for the optimal growth and health of your orchid. To determine the appropriate pot size, consider the following factors:
- Orchid Type: Different orchid species have varying root systems and growth habits. Research the specific type of orchid you have to understand its unique requirements.
- Current Root Size: Examine the current size of your orchid’s root system. Ideally, the pot should provide enough space for the roots to grow without being excessively large, which can lead to overwatering issues.
- Ventilation: Orchids benefit from pots with good ventilation. Opt for pots with slits or holes to promote air circulation around the roots. This helps prevent the accumulation of moisture, reducing the risk of root rot.
- Material: Choose a pot made from breathable materials like clay or terracotta. These materials allow excess moisture to evaporate more effectively than plastic pots.
- Stability: Ensure that the pot is stable and won’t tip over easily. This stability is crucial, especially for top-heavy orchids, to prevent damage to the plant.
- Growth Stage: Consider the growth stage of your orchid. If it’s actively growing, you may choose a slightly larger pot to accommodate its increasing size. However, avoid excessively large pots as they can retain too much water for orchid.
- Repotting Schedule: Orchids typically require repotting every 1-2 years. Select a pot size that allows room for the orchid to grow within this timeframe.
- Aesthetic Preferences: While not directly related to the plant’s health, consider your aesthetic preferences. Choose a pot that complements the appearance of your orchid and fits well within your overall décor.
By carefully considering these factors, you can select the ideal pot size that promotes the well-being and growth of your orchid. Regularly monitor your orchid’s condition and be prepared to repot if you observe signs of overcrowding or diminished health.